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Growing avocados: entry into production and defense

Categories : Chronology

avocado-entrata-in-produzione

Starting an avocado production is a practice that requires attention, especially in consideration of the type of soil that the plant needs and the particular climate it prefers. In Italy, the areas where the crop is particularly widespread are Sicily, Calabria and Sardinia. However, also because of its profitability, avocados are a rapidly expanding crop. Precisely for this reason, it is essential to pay particular attention to the time of entry into production of the crop.

Index

Entry into production of the crop

Avocado plants: phytosanitary defense

Floral biology and pollinator placement

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Entry into production of the crop

From Spain, where cultivation started for the first time, there has been feedback on the need to carry out few treatments on this specific crop. However, it is advisable to carry out punctual and targeted ones in precise phenological phases.

December

We will start ouravocado management program in December, distributing an organo-mineral fertilizer at the bottom, under the canopy and slightly buried:

January

In this month, we plan to intervene through foliar fertilization rich in copper and zinc, elements that induce resistance to fungal pathogens, as well as providing initial nutritional support to the plant:

February 

Starting from February, it will be essential to administer calcium and magnesium, two fundamental elements that become part of the cellular  constituents and that strongly influence the qualitative aspects of the final production. Then, we will proceed with fertigation:

May: Fruit enlargement phase

During this phase, it will be advisable to intervene with:

With the use of Organor, a fertilizer with a high content of auxins, cytokinins and vitamins, we will stimulate the growth of the fruit. Loess Ca, on the other hand, will serve us to provide the plant with the necessary amount of calcium, which is particularly useful in this phase

maggio-ingrossamento-frutto-avocado

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Avocado fruit set: the most important phase

The fruit set phase of the avocado is crucial for a good yield. The entire flowering-fruit set phase, in fact, will not be satisfactory if the plant is not supported by a series of elements, which we will try to provide by foliar application. 

In the pre-flowering phase, we recommend intervening, using elements such as boron, molybdenum:

In the flowering phase, our suggestion is to intervene with:

In the post-flowering phase, we will use:

September is the period of formation of the roots necessary, of course, for the absorption of water and nutritional elements. For this reason, our advice is to intervene with fertigation through the destruction of O.S.:

Finally, if the aim is to increase the size of the fruit, it is possible to intervene with

At the end of the production cycle, in the post-harvest phase, we recommend intervening in fertigation, in order to collect the amount of nitrogen for the beginning of the year. The product we suggest is



...  SIXTHS OF PLANTS ...

In defining the planting layouts, it must be considered that the avocado is a very vigorous plant and that, under normal conditions, it can easily exceed 10 meters in height.

To date, two schemes are mostly adopted:

  1. The first scheme is the Spanish one , which provides for a distance between the rows of  6-8 m  and a distance on the row of  4-5 meters
  2. The second scheme is the Israeli one , where dynamic layouts on trunks  are envisaged that provide for an inter-row distance of 5-6 meters and one on the row  2-3 meters

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Avocado plants: phytosanitary defense

As far as phytosanitary defense is concerned, to date there are very few products registered on this crop. Precisely for this reason, it is advisable to intervene in prevention. The product we recommend is

NEEDS AND PRECAUTIONS TO BE TAKEN DURING CULTIVATION

During the feasibility assessment of the investment, an essential parameter to be evaluated  is the soil and climate conditions of the potential cultivation site.

Experiences in the cultivation of this crop in Italy have shown that avocados prefer medium-textured soils. Going into more detail, to avoid irreversible problems, especially in the early stages of development,the clay content must be less than 30%.

In addition, strong winds and low temperatures are an additional stress factor for the crop.

larve di punteruolo rosso

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Floral biology and pollinator placement

The avocado is a plant characterized by a particular biological mechanism, designed to prevent self-fertilization. This characteristic forces us to combine the main variety with a pollinating variety in the field. The pollinating cultivar must be present in 7-10% to ensure sufficient pollination. The avocado is an entomophilous pollinated species characterized by a very low pollination rate (0.8-1%).

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